Perform a spectrum power scan using SX126x. The output is in the form of scan lines; each line has 33 power bins. The first power bin corresponds to -11 dBm, the second to -15 dBm, and so on. The higher number of samples in a bin corresponds to more power received at that level.

N in Bin / dBm
(0)1 -11
2 -15
3 -19
4 -23
5 -27
6 -31
7 -35
8 -39
9 -43
10 -47
11 -51
12 -55
13 -59
14 -63
15 -67
16 -71
17 -75
18 -79
19 -83
20 -87
21 -91
22 -95
23 -99
24 -103
25 -107
26 -111
27 -115
28 -119
29 -123
30 -127
31 -131
32 -135
33 -139

Example:

step-13 Frequency:816.25
Power Bins: 0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0400,  0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0006,001B,000E,0005,0006,0002,0000

The spectrum analyzer performs power measurements in the configured bandwidth.

The X-axis represents frequency in MHz, and the Y-axis displays actually received power. In the example above, the frequency span goes from 850 MHz to 950 MHz (that is a 100MHz range), and the visual amplitude goes from -11 dBm to -110(-139) according to the datasheet (High sensitivity: down to -148dBm) dBm.

To show the results in a plot, run the Python script RadioLib/extras/SX126x_Spectrum_Scan/SpectrumScan.py

Features

Multiple Ranges Scan

Disabled By Default

// Feature to scan diapazones. Other frequency settings will be ignored.
int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {};
//int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950};

To Enable Add/ uncomment an array of the frequencies

int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950};

where 850890 stands for 950-890Mhz range 920950 - 920-890Mhz Other settings will be ignored if Multiple Ranges Scan is enabled.

Waterfall

Waterfall showed only on One Page Scan to disable - uncomment this line

#define WATERFALL_ENABLED true

Waterfall shows the last N = SCREEN_HEIGHT (64) - WATERFALL_START(37) - 8 (part of the ROW_STATUS_TEXT) = 19 signal detection that excited set signal level

RSSI Method of scan

By default, we are using the spectralScan method of the RadioLib Library: https://jgromes.github.io/RadioLib/class_s_x126x.html#a8a3ad4e12df862ab18b326d9dba26d66 This method works only with Sx1262 modules. We implemented a scan using the getRSSI method, which has more flexibility and supports sx1276 and other modules. Using this method, we also receive the signal's dB values, not just the O-33 number. To enable this method, set the value of the RSSI_METHOD to true.

Multi Screen Scan

Single screen scan for now has RANGE / 128 resolution. Multi-page scan can be adjusted to how many MHz per page you wanna scan

// frequency range in MHz to scan
#define FREQ_BEGIN 850
// TODO: if % RANGE_PER_PAGE  != 0
#define FREQ_END 950

// Feature to scan diapazones. Other frequency settings will be ignored.
int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {};
// int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950};

// MHZ per page
//To put everything into one page set RANGE_PER_PAGE = FREQ_END - 800
unsigned int RANGE_PER_PAGE = FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN; // FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN
//To Enable Multi Screen scan
// unsigned int RANGE_PER_PAGE = 50;
// Default Range on Menu Button Switch 
#define DEFAULT_RANGE_PER_PAGE = 50;

To enable Multi-page by default set RANGE_PER_PAGE less than FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN; Switch to multi-page during regular One Screen application run. Restart the ESP32 on screen after the logo press the P button.

Mute Audio Notifications

Restart ESP32, and on the logo display, press the P button.

Pause Execution

Press P for more than 2 seconds. Execution will pause, and the scan's current Mhz position will be shown on the display. If less, ESP32 will turn off. Fast pressing(less than 0.5 second) P button changes the notification level

VSCode Platform.IO development env installation

Install VSCode
install Platform.IO extension
Connect ESP32 to USB. Install USB CP2101 drivers for Windows or other OS https://docs.heltec.org/general/establish_serial_connection.html#for-windows https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers?tab=downloads

NOTE: MACOS Heltec USB driver

https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers?tab=downloads
I used legacy driver
Clone this Git Repo or download zip of the sources
```
git clone https://github.com/Genaker/LoraSA.git
```
NOTE: in you case name will be Just LoraSA. I have LoraSA2 because I already have LoraSA folder
Open the Project with the VS code Platform.IO
Select Proper Environment

Important note: If using a Heltec V3 board, make sure your ESP32 Expressif catalog is up to date before selecting environment, otherwise might get a build time error such as: Error: Unknown board ID 'heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3' when trying to select the environment.

Open a PlatformIO CLI: https://docs.platformio.org/en/latest/integration/ide/vscode.html#platformio-core-cli

Run: pio pkg update -g -p espressif32
Select ESP32 USB Device to program Note: It is theoretically possible to program via WiFi and BTH.
Program your ESP32
Wait until you are done with the compilation and upload. Usually takes 1 minute. The first run is slower. It needs to compile all libraries. You will have the UCOG SA logo and spectrum analyzing scanning screen when done.

Hardware

Heltec ESP32 Lora V3: https://www.amazon.com/Heltec-Development-863-870MHz-ESP32-S3FN8-902-928MHz/dp/B0D1H1FN9Y/ https://heltec.org/project/wifi-lora-32-v3/ https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256807037422978.html

Or Heltec Wireless Stick. The same hardware but without or with a smaller display https://heltec.org/project/wireless-stick-v3/ https://heltec.org/project/wireless-stick-lite-v2/

Heltec Vision Master E290 - With large e-ink display 293x128:

https://heltec.org/project/vision-master-e290/ https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256807048047234.html NOTE: to upload a new code, you need to press BOOT + RESET button

Battery with Wire JT connector : https://www.amazon.com/EEMB-2000mAh-Battery-Rechargeable-Connector/dp/B08214DJLJ

3D printed case

https://www.printables.com/model/118750-heltec-lora-32-case-for-meshtastic https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3125854 https://thangs.com/designer/Snake0017/3d-model/Heltec%20LoRa%2032%20Desktop%20%26%20Vehicle%20Enclosure-40844 or buy : https://www.amazon.com/DIYmalls-ESP32-OLED-WiFi-Type-C/dp/B0BR3MQ9BG

https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:6522462

Heltec ESP32 Lora v3 Pin Map

We are using pin 41 as a Buzzer trigger. Connect buzzer + leg with pin 41 and - leg with the ground (GND). You can change the buzzer pin in the code.

Analog FPV OSD (ON SCREEN DISPLAY)

To Enable OSD, Uncomment these lines

//  #define OSD_ENABLED true

OSD sidebar enabled/disable comment or uncomment this line

#define OSD_SIDE_BAR true

Or you can set this and other variables as a build parameter:

build_flags = 
	-DOSD_ENABLED

DFRobot OSD Wiring

Heltec V3 -> DFRobot OSD
GND -> GND
3V3 -> 3V3
26 -> SCK
34 ->MOSI
33 ->MISO
47 -> D3

More photos you can see there:
https://github.com/Genaker/LoraSA/issues/11

Camera to DF robot Wiring

Camera -> DFRobotOSD
Video out -> In
GND -> GND
3v3 -> 3V3 Heltec or some 3v on FPV

DFRobot to Drone or VTX(video transmitter)

DF Robot -> VTX or
Video Out - Video IN

// SPI pins
#define OSD_CS 47
#define OSD_MISO 33
#define OSD_MOSI 34
#define OSD_SCK 26

Joystick Wiring

https://www.aliexpress.us/item/2251832815289133.html https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00P7QBGD2

Loystic -> Heltec V3
SW -> 46
VRX -> 19
VRY -> X has not been implemented yet
+5v -> 5V
GND -> GND

Buzzer/Beeper Wiring

TMB12A03 - in my case. Low voltage is better.
Buzzer -> Heltec V3
(+) -> 41
GND (another) -> GND

Select Board to build

Select Visual Code environment:

Edit paltformio.io uncommenting/selecting your sources

[platformio]
; for env:vision-master-e190
; src_dir = tft_src
; for env:vision-master-e290
; src_dir = eink_src
; for env:heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3
; src_dir = src ;;Default

for LilyGo use env:heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3

WiFi and Bluetooth BT Scanning

Works only with OSD enabled
Uncomment this lines

//  #define OSD_ENABLED true
//  #define WIFI_SCANNING_ENABLED true
//  #define BT_SCANNING_ENABLED true

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README.md

Lora SA(Spectrum Analyzer)

Supportted boards:

RF Spectrum Analyzer using Lora Radio