Perform a spectrum power scan using SX126x. The output is in the form of scan lines; each line has 33 power bins. The first power bin corresponds to -11 dBm, the second to -15 dBm, and so on. The higher number of samples in a bin corresponds to more power received at that level.

N in Bin / dBm
(0)1 -11
2 -15
3 -19
4 -23
5 -27
6 -31
7 -35
8 -39
9 -43
10 -47
11 -51
12 -55
13 -59
14 -63
15 -67
16 -71
17 -75
18 -79
19 -83
20 -87
21 -91
22 -95
23 -99
24 -103
25 -107
26 -111
27 -115
28 -119
29 -123
30 -127
31 -131
32 -135
33 -139

Example:

step-13 Frequency:816.25
Power Bins: 0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0400,  0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0006,001B,000E,0005,0006,0002,0000

The spectrum analyzer performs power measurements in the configured bandwidth.

The X-axis represents frequency in MHz, and the Y-axis displays actually received power. In the example above, the frequency span goes from 850 MHz to 950 MHz (that is a 100MHz range), and the visual amplitude goes from -11 dBm to -110(-139) according to the datasheet (High sensitivity: down to -148dBm) dBm.

To show the results in a plot, run the Python script RadioLib/extras/SX126x_Spectrum_Scan/SpectrumScan.py

Features

Multiple Ranges Scan

Disabled By Default

// Feature to scan diapazones. Other frequency settings will be ignored.
int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {};
//int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950};

To Enable Add/ uncomment an array of the frequencies

int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950};

where 850890 stands for 950-890Mhz range 920950 - 920-890Mhz Other settings will be ignored if Multiple Ranges Scan is enabled.

Waterfall

Waterfall showed only on One Page Scan to disable - uncomment this line

#define WATERFALL_ENABLED true

Waterfall shows the last N = SCREEN_HEIGHT (64) - WATERFALL_START(37) - 8 (part of the ROW_STATUS_TEXT) = 19 signal detection that excited set signal level

RSSI Method of scan

By default, we are using the spectralScan method of the RadioLib Library: https://jgromes.github.io/RadioLib/class_s_x126x.html#a8a3ad4e12df862ab18b326d9dba26d66 This method works only with Sx1262 modules. We implemented a scan using the getRSSI method, which has more flexibility and supports sx1276 and other modules. Using this method, we also receive the signal's dB values, not just the O-33 number. To enable this method, set the value of the RSSI_METHOD to true.

Multi Screen Scan

Single screen scan for now has RANGE / 128 resolution. Multi-page scan can be adjusted to how many MHz per page you wanna scan

// frequency range in MHz to scan
#define FREQ_BEGIN 850
// TODO: if % RANGE_PER_PAGE  != 0
#define FREQ_END 950

// Feature to scan diapazones. Other frequency settings will be ignored.
int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {};
// int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950};

// MHZ per page
//To put everything into one page set RANGE_PER_PAGE = FREQ_END - 800
unsigned int RANGE_PER_PAGE = FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN; // FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN
//To Enable Multi Screen scan
// unsigned int RANGE_PER_PAGE = 50;
// Default Range on Menu Button Switch 
#define DEFAULT_RANGE_PER_PAGE = 50;

To enable Multi-page by default set RANGE_PER_PAGE less than FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN; Switch to multi-page during regular One Screen application run. Restart the ESP32 on screen after the logo press the P button.

Mute Audio Notifications

Restart ESP32, and on the logo display, press the P button.

Pause Execution

Press P for more than 2 seconds. Execution will pause, and the scan's current Mhz position will be shown on the display. If less, ESP32 will turn off. Fast pressing(less than 0.5 second) P button changes the notification level

VSCode Platform.IO development env installation

Install VSCode
install Platform.IO extension
Connect ESP32 to USB. Install USB CP2101 drivers for Windows or other OS https://docs.heltec.org/general/establish_serial_connection.html#for-windows https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers?tab=downloads

NOTE: MACOS Heltec USB driver

https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers?tab=downloads
I used legacy driver
Clone this Git Repo or download zip of the sources
```
git clone https://github.com/Genaker/LoraSA.git
```
NOTE: in you case name will be Just LoraSA. I have LoraSA2 because I already have LoraSA folder
Open the Project with the VS code Platform.IO
Select Proper Environment

Important note: If using a Heltec V3 board, make sure your ESP32 Expressif catalog is up to date before selecting environment, otherwise might get a build time error such as: Error: Unknown board ID 'heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3' when trying to select the environment.

Open a PlatformIO CLI: https://docs.platformio.org/en/latest/integration/ide/vscode.html#platformio-core-cli

Run: pio pkg update -g -p espressif32
Select ESP32 USB Device to program Note: It is theoretically possible to program via WiFi and BTH.
Program your ESP32
Wait until you are done with the compilation and upload. Usually takes 1 minute. The first run is slower. It needs to compile all libraries. You will have the UCOG SA logo and spectrum analyzing scanning screen when done.

Hardware

Heltec ESP32 Lora V3: https://www.amazon.com/Heltec-Development-863-870MHz-ESP32-S3FN8-902-928MHz/dp/B0D1H1FN9Y/ https://heltec.org/project/wifi-lora-32-v3/ https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256807037422978.html

Or Heltec Wireless Stick. The same hardware but without or with a smaller display https://heltec.org/project/wireless-stick-v3/ https://heltec.org/project/wireless-stick-lite-v2/

Heltec Vision Master E290 - With large e-ink display 293x128:

https://heltec.org/project/vision-master-e290/ https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256807048047234.html NOTE: to upload a new code, you need to press BOOT + RESET button

Battery with Wire JT connector : https://www.amazon.com/EEMB-2000mAh-Battery-Rechargeable-Connector/dp/B08214DJLJ

3D printed case

https://www.printables.com/model/118750-heltec-lora-32-case-for-meshtastic https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3125854 https://thangs.com/designer/Snake0017/3d-model/Heltec%20LoRa%2032%20Desktop%20%26%20Vehicle%20Enclosure-40844 or buy : https://www.amazon.com/DIYmalls-ESP32-OLED-WiFi-Type-C/dp/B0BR3MQ9BG

https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:6522462

Heltec ESP32 Lora v3 Pin Map

We are using pin 41 as a Buzzer trigger. Connect buzzer + leg with pin 41 and - leg with the ground (GND). You can change the buzzer pin in the code.

Analog FPV OSD (ON SCREEN DISPLAY)

To Enable OSD, Uncomment these lines

//  #define OSD_ENABLED true

OSD sidebar enabled/disable comment or uncomment this line

#define OSD_SIDE_BAR true

Or you can set this and other variables as a build parameter:

build_flags = 
	-DOSD_ENABLED

DFRobot OSD Wiring

Heltec V3 -> DFRobot OSD
GND -> GND
3V3 -> 3V3
26 -> SCK
34 ->MOSI
33 ->MISO
47 -> D3

More photos you can see there:
https://github.com/Genaker/LoraSA/issues/11

Camera to DF robot Wiring

Camera -> DFRobotOSD
Video out -> In
GND -> GND
3v3 -> 3V3 Heltec or some 3v on FPV

DFRobot to Drone or VTX(video transmitter)

DF Robot -> VTX or
Video Out - Video IN

// SPI pins
#define OSD_CS 47
#define OSD_MISO 33
#define OSD_MOSI 34
#define OSD_SCK 26

Joystick Wiring

https://www.aliexpress.us/item/2251832815289133.html https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00P7QBGD2

Loystic -> Heltec V3
SW -> 46
VRX -> 19
VRY -> X has not been implemented yet
+5v -> 5V
GND -> GND

Buzzer/Beeper Wiring

TMB12A03 - in my case. Low voltage is better.
Buzzer -> Heltec V3
(+) -> 41
GND (another) -> GND

Select Board to build

Select Visual Code environment:

Edit paltformio.io uncommenting/selecting your sources

[platformio]
; for env:vision-master-e190
; src_dir = tft_src
; for env:vision-master-e290
; src_dir = eink_src
; for env:heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3
; src_dir = src ;;Default

for LilyGo use env:heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3

WiFi and Bluetooth BT Scanning

Works only with OSD enabled
Uncomment this lines

//  #define OSD_ENABLED true
//  #define WIFI_SCANNING_ENABLED true
//  #define BT_SCANNING_ENABLED true

Communication via Serial USB

You can receive RAW frequency data from the ESP32 by sending the serial command Scan -1 -1. Other parameters are also available. Also, you can use ASCII_SA.py to read data from serial and represent as an ASCII character chart on your device.
Install pyserial:

pip3 install pyserial

Run:

python3 ASCII_SA.py

or with parameters to set input

python3 ASCII_SA.py --resolution 1 --threshold -110 --db-per-hash 5 --no-color --no-debug

Output:

Web app

We also have a web app interface to output ESP Lora data via USB/Serial
Go to the website (https://lora-sa.pages.dev/), click connect and select a device:
Known issue: doesn't work on mobile ;(
https://lora-sa.pages.dev/

Send Scan Data via Lora

Enable feature:

# /lib/config/config.h
listen_on_usb(String("readline")), rx_lora(NULL), tx_lora(NULL),
// Enable Lora Send:
// rx_lora(configureLora("freq:920")),tx_lora(configureLora("freq:916"))
is_host(false)

is_host(false) - for host receiver or can be set via Serial command SET is_host true
The Host automatically outputs data to serial that can be read by our Python Serail app
Example of the serial out:

SCAN_RESULT 258 [ (850000, -106), (850389, -106), (850778, -110), (851167, -110), (851556, -110), (851945, -110), (852334, -110), (852723, -110), (853112, -106), (853501, -106), (853890, -106), (854279, -83), (854668, -83), (855057, -110), (855446, -110), (855835, -110), (856224, -110), (856613, -110), (857002, -110), (857391, -110), (857780, -110), (858169, -110), (858558, -110), (858947, -110), (859336, -110), (859725, -110), (860114, -110), (860503, -110), (860892, -110), (861281, -110), (861670, -110), (862059, -110), (862448, -110), (862837, -110), (863226, -110), (863615, -106), (864004, -106), (864393, -110), (864782, -110), (865171, -110), (865560, -110), (865949, -110), (866338, -110), (866727, -110), (867116, -110), (867505, -110), (867894, -110), (868283, -110), (868672, -101), (869061, -101), (869450, -102), (869839, -102), (870228, -101), (870617, -101), (871006, -101), (871395, -98), (871784, -98), (872173, -89), (872562, -89), (872951, -92), (873340, -92), (873729, -85), (874118, -85), (874507, -90), (874896, -90), (875285, -90), (875674, -85), (876063, -85), (876452, -93), (876841, -93), (877230, -90), (877619, -90), (878008, -101), (878397, -101), (878786, -110), (879175, -110), (879564, -110), (879953, -90), (880342, -90), (880731, -93), (881120, -93), (881509, -96), (881898, -96), (882287, -91), (882676, -91), (883065, -91), (883454, -86), (883843, -86), (884232, -93), (884621, -93), (885010, -91), (885399, -91), (885788, -89), (886177, -89), (886566, -85), (886955, -85), (887344, -85), (887733, -87), (888122, -87), (888511, -93), (888900, -93), (889289, -110), (889678, -110), (890067, -110), (890456, -110), (890845, -110), (891234, -110), (891623, -110), (892012, -110), (892401, -110), (892790, -110), (893179, -110), (893568, -110), (893957, -110), (894346, -110), (894735, -110), (895124, -106), (895513, -106), (895902, -106), (896291, -110), (896680, -110), (897069, -110), (897458, -110), (897847, -110), (898236, -110), (898625, -110), (899014, -110), (899403, -110), (899792, -110), (900181, -110), (900570, -110), (900959, -110), (901348, -110), (901737, -110), (902126, -110), (902515, -110), (902904, -110), (903293, -110), (903682, -110), (904071, -110), (904460, -110), (904849, -110), (905238, -110), (905627, -110), (906016, -110), (906405, -110), (906794, -110), (907183, -110), (907572, -110), (907961, -110), (908350, -110), (908739, -110), (909128, -110), (909517, -110), (909906, -110), (910295, -110), (910684, -110), (911073, -110), (911462, -110), (911851, -110), (912240, -110), (912629, -110), (913018, -110), (913407, -110), (913796, -110), (914185, -110), (914574, -110), (914963, -110), (915352, -110), (915741, -110), (916130, -110), (916519, -110), (916908, -110), (917297, -110), (917686, -110), (918075, -110), (918464, -110), (918853, -110), (919242, -110), (919631, -110), (920020, -110), (920409, -110), (920798, -110), (921187, -110), (921576, -110), (921965, -110), (922354, -110), (922743, -110), (923132, -110), (923521, -110), (923910, -110), (924299, -110), (924688, -110), (925077, -110), (925466, -110), (925855, -110), (926244, -110), (926633, -110), (927022, -110), (927411, -110), (927800, -110), (928189, -110), (928578, -110), (928967, -110), (929356, -110), (929745, -110), (930134, -110), (930523, -110), (930912, -110), (931301, -110), (931690, -110), (932079, -110), (932468, -110), (932857, -110), (933246, -110), (933635, -110), (934024, -110), (934413, -110), (934802, -110), (935191, -110), (935580, -103), (935969, -103), (936358, -110), (936747, -110), (937136, -110), (937525, -110), (937914, -110), (938303, -110), (938692, -110), (939081, -110), (939470, -110), (939860, -110), (940250, -110), (940640, -110), (941030, -110), (941420, -110), (941810, -110), (942200, -110), (942590, -110), (942980, -110), (943370, -110), (943760, -110), (944150, -110), (944540, -110), (944930, -110), (945320, -110), (945710, -110), (946100, -110), (946490, -110), (946880, -110), (947270, -110), (947660, -110), (948050, -110), (948440, -110), (948830, -110), (949220, -110), (949610, -110), (950000, -110) ]

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README.md

Lora SA(Spectrum Analyzer)

Supportted boards:

RF Spectrum Analyzer using Lora Radio