diff --git a/Configuration 2 (RAK831)/Config2_LoRadar_Extractor.py b/Configuration 2 (RAK831)/Config2_LoRadar_Extractor.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11075da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Configuration 2 (RAK831)/Config2_LoRadar_Extractor.py	
@@ -0,0 +1,1126 @@
+### Libraries to load
+import glob, matplotlib, pprint, requests, math, time, os
+import pandas as pd
+import numpy as np
+from collections import Counter
+from itertools import repeat
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+
+### Loading the data
+os.chdir = ("/home/pi/lora_gateway/util_pkt_logger")
+docs = glob.glob(os.chdir + "/*.csv")
+
+if len(docs) > 1:
+    print("1. Reading " + str(len(docs)) + " csv files...")
+    all_dat = []
+    for doc in docs:
+        all_dat.append(pd.read_csv(doc, encoding = 'unicode_escape'))
+
+    every = pd.concat(all_dat)
+    every.reset_index(inplace=True)
+    every = every.dropna(subset=["UTC timestamp"])
+    every = every.drop("index", axis=1)
+
+elif len(docs) == 1:
+    print("1. Reading one csv file...")
+    print(docs)
+    every = pd.read_csv(docs[0], encoding = 'unicode_escape')
+    every.reset_index(inplace=True)
+    every = every.dropna(subset=["UTC timestamp"])
+    every = every.drop("index", axis=1)
+
+elif len(docs) == 0:
+    print("ERROR: No Data Files!")
+    exit()
+
+
+### Filtering the data for ABP
+print("2. Filtering the data for ABP...")
+info = every.payload
+info = list(map(str, info)) # Convert payload to string. This is needed as some payloads only have integers.
+devs = []
+fcnts = []
+mhdrs = []
+fctrls = []
+devaddr_revl = []
+fcnt_revl = []
+devaddr_len = 8
+
+for i in info:
+    devaddr = i[2:11].split("-")
+    devaddr = "".join(devaddr)
+    fcnt = i[13:17].split("-")
+    fcnt = "".join(fcnt)
+    fctrl = i[11:13].split("-")
+    fctrl = "".join(fctrl)
+    mhdr = i[:2].split("-")
+    mhdr = "".join(mhdr)
+    devs.append(devaddr)
+    fcnts.append(fcnt)
+    fctrls.append(fctrl)
+    mhdrs.append(mhdr)
+
+# reversing the little endian form of DevAddr and Fcnt
+for row in devs:
+    fixed = []
+    for j in range(int(len(row)/2)):
+        fixed.append(row[j*2:(j+1)*2])
+    fixed.reverse()
+    devaddr_rev = "".join(fixed)
+    devaddr_revl.append(devaddr_rev)
+
+for row in fcnts:
+    fixed = []
+    for j in range(int(len(row)/2)):
+        fixed.append(row[j*2:(j+1)*2])
+    fixed.reverse()
+    fcnt_rev = "".join(fixed)
+    fcnt_revl.append(fcnt_rev)
+
+# Remove payloads shorter than the length of DevAddr, as these will not provide sufficient information to identify ABP devices
+ttn_addr = []
+all_addr = []
+other_addr = []
+network = []
+activation = []
+for addr in devaddr_revl:
+    if len(addr) == devaddr_len:
+        # Network prefix assignments to the World
+        if addr[:2] == "26" or addr[:2] == "27":
+            ttn_addr.append(addr) # potential DevAddr from TTN
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: The Things Network")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "04" or addr[:2] == "05":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Actility")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "10" or addr[:2] == "11":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Orbiwise")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "1a" or addr[:2] == "1b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: SK Telecom")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "1c" or addr[:2] == "1d":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: SagemCom")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "24" or addr[:2] == "25":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Kerlink")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "2a" or addr[:2] == "2b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Cisco Systems")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "2e" or addr[:2] == "2f":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: MultiTech Systems")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "30" or addr[:2] == "31":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Loriot")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "32" or addr[:2] == "33":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: NNNCo")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "34" or addr[:2] == "35":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Flashnet")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "36" or addr[:2] == "37":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: TrackNet")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "38" or addr[:2] == "39":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Lar.Tech")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "3a" or addr[:2] == "3b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Swiss Led")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "42" or addr[:2] == "43":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Patavina Technologies")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "48" or addr[:2] == "49":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Gimasi")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "4a" or addr[:2] == "4b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Talkpool")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "4e" or addr[:2] == "4f":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: MCF88 SRL")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "52" or addr[:2] == "53":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: GIoT")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "54" or addr[:2] == "55":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: M2B Communications")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "5a" or addr[:2] == "5b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Rai Way")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "5c" or addr[:2] == "5d":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Levikom")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "60" or addr[:2] == "61":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: SoftBank")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "62" or addr[:2] == "63":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Inmarsat")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e006" or addr[:4] == "e007":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: IOTCAN")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e00a" or addr[:4] == "e00b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: IoT Network AS")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e00e" or addr[:4] == "e00f":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: EDF")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e018" or addr[:4] == "e019":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: SenSys")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e01c" or addr[:4] == "e01d":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Spark")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e020" or addr[:4] == "e021":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Senet")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e026" or addr[:4] == "e027":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Actility")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e02a" or addr[:4] == "e02b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Kerlink")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e02c" or addr[:4] == "e02d":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Cisco")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e02e" or addr[:4] == "e02f":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Schneider Electric")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e030" or addr[:4] == "e031":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: ZENNER")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:4] == "e038" or addr[:4] == "e039":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: MachineQ/Comcast")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0004" or addr[:6] == "fc0005" or addr[:6] == "fc0006" or addr[:6] == "fc0007":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Nordic Automation Systems")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0008" or addr[:6] == "fc0009" or addr[:6] == "fc000a" or addr[:6] == "fc000b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: ResIOT")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc000c" or addr[:6] == "fc000d" or addr[:6] == "fc000e" or addr[:6] == "fc000f":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: SYSDEV")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0020" or addr[:6] == "fc0021" or addr[:6] == "fc0022" or addr[:6] == "fc0023":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Definium Technologies")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0030" or addr[:6] == "fc0031" or addr[:6] == "fc0032" or addr[:6] == "fc0033":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: nFore Technology")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0044" or addr[:6] == "fc0045" or addr[:6] == "fc0046" or addr[:6] == "fc0047":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Digital Nordix AB (DNX)")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0058" or addr[:6] == "fc0059" or addr[:6] == "fc005a" or addr[:6] == "fc005b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Schneider Electric")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0060" or addr[:6] == "fc0061" or addr[:6] == "fc0062" or addr[:6] == "fc0063":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: ZENNER")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0068" or addr[:6] == "fc0069" or addr[:6] == "fc006a" or addr[:6] == "fc006b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: REQUEA")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc007c" or addr[:6] == "fc007d" or addr[:6] == "fc007e" or addr[:6] == "fc007f":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: mcf88 SRL")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0084" or addr[:6] == "fc0085" or addr[:6] == "fc0086" or addr[:6] == "fc0087":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Hiber")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:6] == "fc0098" or addr[:6] == "fc0099" or addr[:6] == "fc009a" or addr[:6] == "fc009b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("World: Mirakonta")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        
+        # Network prefix assignments to Australia
+        elif addr[:2] == "0a" or addr[:2] == "0b":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("Singapore Indonesia Australia Africa India: SingTel")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "46" or addr[:2] == "47":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("Australia New Zealand: Ventia")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        elif addr[:2] == "58" or addr[:2] == "59":
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            network.append("Australia: Airlora")
+            activation.append("ABP")
+        
+        # Neither
+        else:
+            all_addr.append(addr)
+            other_addr.append(addr) # potential DevAddr from non-TTN network
+            network.append("-")
+            activation.append("-")
+    else:
+        all_addr.append("-")
+        network.append("-")
+        activation.append("-")
+        
+
+
+### Filtering the data for OTAA
+print("3. Filtering the data for OTAA...")
+info = every.payload
+info = list(map(str, info))
+deveuis = []
+appeuis = []
+deveui_revl = []
+appeui_revl = []
+deveui_len = 16
+appeui_len = 16
+
+for i in range(len(info)):
+    if list(map(str, mhdrs))[i] == "00":
+        deveui = info[i][20:38].split("-")
+        deveui = "".join(deveui)
+        appeui = info[i][2:20].split("-")
+        appeui = "".join(appeui)
+        deveuis.append(deveui)
+        appeuis.append(appeui)
+    else:
+        deveuis.append("-")
+        appeuis.append("-")
+
+for row in deveuis: # reversing DevEUI's little endian form
+    fixed = []
+    for j in range(int(len(row)/2)):
+        fixed.append(row[j*2:(j+1)*2])
+    fixed.reverse()
+    deveui_rev = "".join(fixed)
+    deveui_revl.append(deveui_rev)
+
+for row in appeuis: # reversing AppEUI's little endian form
+    fixed = []
+    for j in range(int(len(row)/2)):
+        fixed.append(row[j*2:(j+1)*2])
+    fixed.reverse()
+    appeui_rev = "".join(fixed)
+    appeui_revl.append(appeui_rev)
+
+filt_deveui = [] # Remove payloads shorter than the length of DevAddr
+filt_appeui = []
+all_deveui = []
+all_appeui = []
+for deveui_s in deveui_revl:
+    if len(deveui_s) == deveui_len:
+        filt_deveui.append(deveui_s)
+        all_deveui.append(deveui_s)
+    else:
+        all_deveui.append("-")
+
+for appeui_s in appeui_revl:
+    if len(appeui_s) == appeui_len:
+        filt_appeui.append(appeui_s)
+        all_appeui.append(appeui_s)
+    else:
+        all_appeui.append("-")
+deveui_results = Counter(filt_deveui)
+appeui_results = Counter(filt_appeui)
+
+
+
+### Using API to obtain device manufacturer
+print("4. Looking up device manufacturers...")
+MAC_URL = "https://api.macvendors.com/v1/lookup/%s"
+deveui_knowns = []
+appeui_knowns = []
+deveui_total = len(list(deveui_results.keys()))
+appeui_total = len(list(appeui_results.keys()))
+
+num = 1
+starttime = time.time()
+for eui in list(deveui_results.keys()):
+    print("Looking up", num, "out of", deveui_total, "DevEUIs...")
+    r = requests.get(MAC_URL % eui)
+    if "data" in list(r.json().keys()):
+        deveui_knowns.append([eui, r.json()])
+    num += 1
+    time.sleep(0.5)
+    
+num = 1
+starttime = time.time()
+for eui in list(appeui_results.keys()):
+    print("Looking up", num, "out of", appeui_total, "AppEUIs...")
+    r = requests.get(MAC_URL % eui)
+    if "data" in list(r.json().keys()):
+        appeui_knowns.append([eui, r.json()])
+    num += 1
+    time.sleep(0.5)
+    
+
+
+### Adding new columns
+# Turn DevEUI and AppEUI knowns into dictionary
+print("5. Adding new columns...")
+deveui_knowns_dict = {}
+appeui_knowns_dict = {}
+for i in range(len(deveui_knowns)):
+    deveui_knowns_dict[deveui_knowns[i][0]] = deveui_knowns[i][1]
+for i in range(len(appeui_knowns)):
+    appeui_knowns_dict[appeui_knowns[i][0]] = appeui_knowns[i][1]
+    
+# Get a list of devaddress and mic
+devaddress = []
+mic = []
+for i in range(len(activation)):
+    if activation[i] != "-":
+        devaddress.append(devaddr_revl[i])
+        if len("".join(info[i].split("-"))[-8:]) == 8:
+            mic.append("".join(info[i].split("-"))[-8:])
+        else:
+            mic.append("-")
+    else:
+        devaddress.append(devaddr_revl[i])
+        if len("".join(info[i].split("-"))[-8:]) == 8:
+            mic.append("".join(info[i].split("-"))[-8:])
+        else:
+            mic.append("-")
+
+# Create a dataframe for OTAA
+dev_matcheui = []
+app_matcheui = []
+dev_manufeui = []
+app_manufeui = []
+manumac = []
+for i in deveui_knowns:
+    dev_matcheui.append(i[0])
+    dev_manufeui.append(i[1].get("data").get("organization_name"))
+    manumac.append(i[1].get("data").get("assignment"))
+
+for i in appeui_knowns:
+    app_matcheui.append(i[0])
+    app_manufeui.append(i[1].get("data").get("organization_name"))
+
+#manufdf = pd.DataFrame({"DevEUI": dev_matcheui, "DevManufacturer": dev_manufeui, "MAC_prefix": manumac,
+#                        "AppEUI": app_matcheui, "AppManufacturer": app_manufeui})
+
+dictfilt = lambda x, y: dict([ (i,x[i]) for i in x if i in set(y) ])
+deveui_res = dictfilt(deveui_results, dev_matcheui)
+appeui_res = dictfilt(appeui_results, app_matcheui)
+
+# Update the new columns' values
+dev_manufid = []
+app_manufid = []
+for i in range(len(all_deveui)):
+    #if int(every["size"][i]) == 23 and str(mhdrs[i]) == "00":
+    if (all_deveui[i] in dev_matcheui or all_appeui[i] in app_matcheui) and str(mhdrs[i]) == "00":
+        activation[i] = "OTAA"
+        network[i] = "-"
+        devaddress[i] = all_deveui[i]
+        if all_deveui[i] in dev_matcheui and all_appeui[i] in app_matcheui:
+            dev_manufid.append(deveui_knowns_dict[all_deveui[i]].get("data").get("organization_name").replace(',', ''))
+            app_manufid.append(appeui_knowns_dict[all_appeui[i]].get("data").get("organization_name").replace(',', ''))
+        elif all_deveui[i] in dev_matcheui and all_appeui[i] not in app_matcheui:
+            dev_manufid.append(deveui_knowns_dict[all_deveui[i]].get("data").get("organization_name").replace(',', ''))
+            app_manufid.append("-")
+        elif all_deveui[i] not in dev_matcheui and all_appeui[i] in app_matcheui:
+            dev_manufid.append("-")
+            app_manufid.append(appeui_knowns_dict[all_appeui[i]].get("data").get("organization_name").replace(',', ''))
+        else:
+            dev_manufid.append("-")
+            app_manufid.append("-")
+    elif int(every["size"][i]) == 23 and str(mhdrs[i]) == "00":
+        activation[i] = "OTAA"
+        network[i] = "-"
+        devaddress[i] = all_deveui[i]
+        if all_deveui[i] in dev_matcheui and all_appeui[i] in app_matcheui:
+            dev_manufid.append(deveui_knowns_dict[all_deveui[i]].get("data").get("organization_name").replace(',', ''))
+            app_manufid.append(appeui_knowns_dict[all_appeui[i]].get("data").get("organization_name").replace(',', ''))
+        elif all_deveui[i] in dev_matcheui and all_appeui[i] not in app_matcheui:
+            dev_manufid.append(deveui_knowns_dict[all_deveui[i]].get("data").get("organization_name").replace(',', ''))
+            app_manufid.append("-")
+        elif all_deveui[i] not in dev_matcheui and all_appeui[i] in app_matcheui:
+            dev_manufid.append("-")
+            app_manufid.append(appeui_knowns_dict[all_appeui[i]].get("data").get("organization_name").replace(',', ''))
+        else:
+            dev_manufid.append("-")
+            app_manufid.append("-")
+    else:
+        dev_manufid.append("-")
+        app_manufid.append("-")
+
+all_fcnt = []
+all_fctrl = []
+all_mhdr = []
+final_appeui = []
+for i in range(len(activation)):
+    if activation[i] == "ABP":
+        final_appeui.append("-")
+        all_mhdr.append(mhdrs[i])
+        all_fcnt.append(fcnt_revl[i])
+        all_fctrl.append(fctrls[i])
+    elif activation[i] == "-":
+        final_appeui.append("-")
+        all_fcnt.append(fcnt_revl[i])
+        all_fctrl.append(fctrls[i])
+        all_mhdr.append(mhdrs[i])        
+    elif activation[i] == "OTAA":
+        final_appeui.append(all_appeui[i])
+        all_fcnt.append("-")
+        all_fctrl.append("-")
+        all_mhdr.append(mhdrs[i])
+
+# Converting MHDR (hex) to binary and getting message type
+mtype_raw = []
+for hexdec in all_mhdr:
+    if hexdec == "-":
+        mtype_raw.append("-")
+    elif hexdec == "na":
+        mtype_raw.append("-")
+    elif hexdec == "9.":
+        mtype_raw.append("-")
+    else:
+        scale = 16 ## equals to hexadecimal
+        num_of_bits = 8
+        mtype_raw.append(str(bin(int(hexdec, scale))[2:].zfill(num_of_bits)[:3]))
+
+mtype_desc = []
+for mtype in mtype_raw:
+    if mtype == "000":
+        mtype_desc.append("Join-request")
+    elif mtype == "001":
+        mtype_desc.append("Join-accept")
+    elif mtype == "010":
+        mtype_desc.append("Unconfirmed Data Up")
+    elif mtype == "011":
+        mtype_desc.append("Unconfirmed Data Down")
+    elif mtype == "100":
+        mtype_desc.append("Confirmed Data Up")
+    elif mtype == "101":
+        mtype_desc.append("Confirmed Data Down")
+    elif mtype == "110":
+        mtype_desc.append("Rejoin-request")
+    elif mtype == "111":
+        mtype_desc.append("Proprietary")
+    else:
+        mtype_desc.append("-")
+        
+# Converting fcnt (hex) to decimal       
+int_fcnt = []
+for fcnt_hex in all_fcnt:
+    if str(fcnt_hex) == "-":
+        int_fcnt.append("-")
+    elif str(fcnt_hex) == "":
+        int_fcnt.append("-")
+    else:
+        dec = int(fcnt_hex, 16)
+        int_fcnt.append(dec)
+
+# Correcting the time
+yr = []
+month = []
+day = []
+hrs = []
+mins = []
+secs = []
+for i in list(every["UTC timestamp"]):
+    #split for date and time
+    date_split = i.split(" ")
+    time_split = date_split[1].split(":")
+    
+    if int(date_split[0].split("-")[0]) == 2013:
+        y = int(date_split[0].split("-")[0]) + 0
+        if len(str(y)) == 1:
+            yr.append("0"+str(y))
+        else:
+            yr.append(str(y))
+        m = int(date_split[0].split("-")[1]) - 0
+        if len(str(m)) == 1:
+            month.append("0"+str(m))
+        else:
+            month.append(str(m))
+        d = int(date_split[0].split("-")[2]) - 0
+        if len(str(d)) == 1:
+            day.append("0"+str(d))
+        else:
+            day.append(str(d))
+        h = int(time_split[0]) + 0
+        if len(str(h)) == 1:
+            hrs.append("0"+str(h))
+        else:
+            hrs.append(str(h))
+        m = int(time_split[1]) + 0
+        if len(str(m)) == 1:
+            mins.append("0"+str(m))
+        else:
+            mins.append(str(m))
+        secs.append(time_split[2])
+    
+    elif int(date_split[0].split("-")[0]) == 2014:
+        y = int(date_split[0].split("-")[0]) + 0
+        if len(str(y)) == 1:
+            yr.append("0"+str(y))
+        else:
+            yr.append(str(y))
+        m = int(date_split[0].split("-")[1]) + 0
+        if len(str(m)) == 1:
+            month.append("0"+str(m))
+        else:
+            month.append(str(m))
+        d = int(date_split[0].split("-")[2]) + 0
+        if len(str(d)) == 1:
+            day.append("0"+str(d))
+        else:
+            day.append(str(d))
+        h = int(time_split[0]) + 0
+        if len(str(h)) == 1:
+            hrs.append("0"+str(h))
+        else:
+            hrs.append(str(h))
+        m = int(time_split[1]) + 0
+        if len(str(m)) == 1:
+            mins.append("0"+str(m))
+        else:
+            mins.append(str(m))
+        secs.append(time_split[2])
+   
+    else:
+        yr.append(date_split[0].split("-")[0])
+        month.append(date_split[0].split("-")[1])
+        day.append(date_split[0].split("-")[2])
+        h = int(time_split[0]) + 0
+        if len(str(h)) == 1:
+            hrs.append("0"+str(h))
+        else:
+            hrs.append(str(h))
+        mins.append(time_split[1])
+        secs.append(time_split[2])
+
+yr = list(map(str, yr))
+month = list(map(str, month))
+day = list(map(str, day))
+hrs = list(map(str, hrs))
+mins = list(map(str, mins))
+secs = list(map(str, secs))
+
+# correcting cases where mins >= 60 and hours >= 24
+for i in range(len(mins)):
+    if int(mins[i]) >= 60:
+        h = int(hrs[i])
+        h += 1
+        if len(str(h)) == 1:
+            hrs[i] = "0"+str(h)
+        else:
+            hrs[i] = str(h)
+        m = int(mins[i])
+        m -= 60
+        if len(str(m)) == 1:
+            mins[i] = "0"+str(m)
+        else:
+            mins[i] = str(m)
+
+for i in range(len(hrs)):
+    if int(hrs[i]) >= 24:
+        d = int(day[i])
+        d += 1
+        if len(str(d)) == 1:
+            day[i] = "0"+str(d)
+        else:
+            day[i] = str(d)
+        h = int(hrs[i])
+        h -= 24
+        if len(str(h)) == 1:
+            hrs[i] = "0"+str(h)
+        else:
+            hrs[i] = str(h)
+
+# correcting cases where day is > possible value within a certain month
+for i in range(len(day)):
+    if int(day[i]) > 30:
+        if month[i] in ["4", "6", "9", "11"]:
+            m = int(month[i])
+            m += 1
+            if len(str(m)) == 1:
+                month[i] = "0"+str(m)
+            else:
+                month[i] = str(m)
+            d = int(day[i])
+            d -= 30
+            if len(str(d)) == 1:
+                day[i] = "0"+str(d)
+            else:
+                day[i] = str(d)
+    elif int(day[i]) > 28:
+        if month[i] in ["2"]:
+            if int(yr[i])%4 == 0 and int(day[i]) > 29:
+                m = int(month[i])
+                m += 1
+                if len(str(m)) == 1:
+                    month[i] = "0"+str(m)
+                else:
+                    month[i] = str(m)
+                d = int(day[i])
+                d -= 29
+                if len(str(d)) == 1:
+                    day[i] = "0"+str(d)
+                else:
+                    day[i] = str(d)
+            elif int(yr[i])%4 != 0:
+                m = int(month[i])
+                m += 1
+                if len(str(m)) == 1:
+                    month[i] = "0"+str(m)
+                else:
+                    month[i] = str(m)
+                d = int(day[i])
+                d -= 28
+                if len(str(d)) == 1:
+                    day[i] = "0"+str(d)
+                else:
+                    day[i] = str(d)
+
+# correcting cases where year needs to be changed
+for i in range(len(month)):
+    if int(month[i]) == 12 and int(day[i]) > 31:
+        y = int(yr[i])
+        y += 1
+        yr[i] = str(y)
+        m = 1
+        if len(str(m)) == 1:
+            month[i] = "0"+str(m)
+        else:
+            month[i] = str(m)
+        d = 1
+        if len(str(d)) == 1:
+            day[i] = "0"+str(d)
+        else:
+            day[i] = str(d)
+
+# concatenating the fixed date time
+date = []
+aus_time = []
+
+for i in range(len(yr)):
+    date.append("-".join([yr[i], month[i], day[i]]))
+    aus_time.append(":".join([hrs[i], mins[i], secs[i]]))
+
+every["date"] = date
+every["time"] = aus_time
+every["activation"] = activation
+every["network"] = network
+every["DevEUI or DevAddr"] = devaddress
+every["AppEUI"] = final_appeui
+every["fctrl"] = all_fctrl
+every["fcnt"] = int_fcnt
+every["mhdr"] = all_mhdr
+every["mtype"] = mtype_raw
+every["mtype_desc"] = mtype_desc
+every["MIC"] = mic
+every["deveui_manufacturer"] = dev_manufid
+every["appeui_manufacturer"] = app_manufid
+
+every = every[['UTC timestamp', 'date', 'time', 'us count', 'frequency', 'RF chain', 'RX chain','status',
+               'bandwidth', 'datarate', 'coderate', 'RSSI', 'SNR', 'size', 'DevEUI or DevAddr',
+               'AppEUI', 'fctrl', 'fcnt', 'mhdr', 'mtype', 'mtype_desc', 'MIC', 'activation',
+               'network', 'deveui_manufacturer', 'appeui_manufacturer', 'payload']]
+
+filtered = every.copy()
+no_fcnt = filtered.loc[(filtered.fcnt == "-") & (filtered.activation != "OTAA")].index
+filtered = filtered.drop(no_fcnt)
+
+
+
+### Calculating the time difference
+# Function for truncating decimals without rounding to 3 dp
+print("6. Calculating the time difference in seconds...")
+time_sec = []
+timeutc = list(pd.to_datetime(filtered["UTC timestamp"]))
+for i in range(len(timeutc)):
+    time_sec.append(pd.Timedelta(timeutc[i]-timeutc[0]).total_seconds())
+
+# Add a new column to the dataframe
+filtered["sec_diff"] = time_sec
+
+
+
+### Algorithm for identifying unique devices
+# Split it from the original dataframe by DevAddr or DevEUI
+print("7. Identifying unique devices...")
+l_freq = []
+l_devaddr915 = []
+l_devaddr923 = []
+all_freq = []
+filtered = filtered.loc[filtered.status == "CRC_OK "]
+
+# ISM band
+fr915 = [916800000, 917000000, 917200000, 917400000, 917600000, 917800000, 918000000, 91820000]
+fr923 = [922000000, 922100000, 922200000, 922400000, 922600000, 922800000, 923000000, 923200000, 923400000]
+
+freq915 = filtered.loc[filtered.frequency.isin(fr915)]
+if freq915.shape[0] > 0:
+    freq915 = filtered.loc[filtered.frequency.isin(fr915)].index
+    filtered.loc[freq915, "Freq_Plan"] = "915band"
+    all_freq.append(freq915)
+
+freq923 = filtered.loc[filtered.frequency.isin(fr923)]
+if freq923.shape[0] > 0:
+    freq923 = filtered.loc[filtered.frequency.isin(fr923)].index
+    filtered.loc[freq923, "Freq_Plan"] = "923band"
+    all_freq.append(freq923)
+
+if len(all_freq) == 0:
+    print("ERROR: No valid LoRaWAN packets!")
+    exit()
+
+if (freq915.shape[0] and freq923.shape[0]) > 0:
+    for a, b in filtered.groupby("Freq_Plan", sort=False):
+        l_freq.append(b.sort_values(by=["sec_diff"]))
+    #915
+    for a, b in l_freq[0].groupby("DevEUI or DevAddr", sort=False):
+        l_devaddr915.append(b.sort_values(by=["sec_diff"]))
+    #923
+    for a, b in l_freq[1].groupby("DevEUI or DevAddr", sort=False):
+        l_devaddr923.append(b.sort_values(by=["sec_diff"]))
+
+elif freq915.shape[0] == 0:
+    #923
+    for a, b in filtered.groupby("DevEUI or DevAddr", sort=False):
+        l_devaddr923.append(b.sort_values(by=["sec_diff"]))
+
+elif freq923.shape[0] == 0:
+    #915
+    for a, b in filtered.groupby("DevEUI or DevAddr", sort=False):
+        l_devaddr915.append(b.sort_values(by=["sec_diff"]))
+
+
+### Counting the number of devices
+print("8. Counting the number of devices...")
+def truncate(f):
+    if f == "-":
+        return "-"
+    else:
+        return math.floor(f * 10 ** 3) / 10 ** 3
+
+def truncate3(f):
+    if f == "-":
+        return "-"
+    else:
+        return math.floor(f * 10 ** 3) / 10 ** 3
+
+def truncate0(f):
+    if f == "-":
+        return "-"
+    else:
+        return math.floor(f * 10 ** 0) / 10 ** 0
+
+dev_num915 = []
+rate915 = []
+dev_num923 = []
+rate923 = []
+num = 1
+    
+# Identifying unique devices
+l_index_915 = []
+if len(l_devaddr915) > 0:
+    for i in l_devaddr915:   
+        sec_df = list(map(float, i["sec_diff"]))
+        sec_df = [x - sec_df[0] for x in sec_df]
+        sec_df = list(map(truncate, sec_df))
+            
+        devaddr_df = list(i["DevEUI or DevAddr"])
+        activation_df = list(i["activation"])
+           
+        # OTAA case
+        if activation_df[0] == "OTAA":
+            l_index_915.extend(i.index)
+            for j in range(len(devaddr_df)):
+                if j >= 1:
+                    rate915.append(truncate3(float(sec_df[j]) - float(sec_df[j-1])))
+                else:
+                    rate915.append("-")
+            dev_num915.extend(repeat(num, len(devaddr_df)))
+            num += 1
+            
+        # ABP case
+        # Single packet case
+        elif i.shape[0] == 1 and activation_df[0] != "OTAA":
+            l_index_915.extend(i.index)
+            dev_num915.append(num)
+            rate915.append("-")
+            num += 1
+        
+        # 2 packets or more
+        elif i.shape[0] > 1 and activation_df[0] == "ABP":
+            dev_num915.extend(repeat(num, i.shape[0]))
+            #j = i.sort_values(by=["date", "time"]) # sort by date and time
+            l_index_915.extend(i.index)
+            fcnt_df = list(map(int, i["fcnt"]))
+            i_rate = []
+            rate915.append("-")
+            
+            for k in range(len(fcnt_df)): # +1 to start from 2nd row
+                if 1 <= k < len(fcnt_df): # make sure it doesn't exceed the row index limit
+                    if fcnt_df[k] != fcnt_df[k-1]:
+                        i_rate.append(truncate3(((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])/(fcnt_df[k] - fcnt_df[k-1]))))
+                    else:
+                        i_rate.append(truncate3((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])))
+            trunc_i_rate = []
+            i_rate2 = list(map(np.round, i_rate))
+            i_rate_set = list(dict.fromkeys(i_rate2)) # list of the set intervals to look up for assigning devnumber
+            # Remove rates that are within +-1 rate of each other
+            for m in range(len(i_rate_set)):
+                if m == 0:
+                    trunc_i_rate.append(i_rate_set[m])
+                elif m >= 1:
+                    if (i_rate_set[m] > all([x+1 for x in trunc_i_rate])) or (i_rate_set[m] < all([x-1 for x in trunc_i_rate])):
+                        trunc_i_rate.append(i_rate_set[m])                 
+                
+            for element in i_rate:
+                for i_devnum in range(len(trunc_i_rate)):
+                    if (trunc_i_rate[i_devnum] - 1) <= float(element) <= (trunc_i_rate[i_devnum] + 1):
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        continue
+                rate915.append(element)
+            num += 1
+        
+        # For neither OTAA and ABP activation and more than 1 packet
+        elif i.shape[0] > 1 and activation_df[0] == "-":
+            dev_num915.extend(repeat(num, i.shape[0]))
+            #j = i.sort_values(by=["date", "time"]) # sort by date and time
+            l_index_915.extend(i.index)
+            fcnt_df = list(i["fcnt"])
+            if any(i["fcnt"] == "-"):
+                for k in range(len(fcnt_df)): # +1 to start from 2nd row
+                    if 1 <= k < len(fcnt_df): # make sure it doesn't exceed the row index limit
+                        rate915.append(truncate3((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])))
+            else:
+                fcnt_df = list(map(int, i["fcnt"]))
+                i_rate = []
+                rate915.append("-")
+
+                for k in range(len(fcnt_df)): # +1 to start from 2nd row
+                    if 1 <= k < len(fcnt_df): # make sure it doesn't exceed the row index limit
+                        if fcnt_df[k] != fcnt_df[k-1]:
+                            i_rate.append(truncate3(((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])/(fcnt_df[k] - fcnt_df[k-1]))))
+                        else:
+                            i_rate.append(truncate3((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])))
+                trunc_i_rate = []
+                i_rate2 = list(map(np.round, i_rate))
+                i_rate_set = list(dict.fromkeys(i_rate2)) # list of the set intervals to look up for assigning devnumber
+                # Remove rates that are within +-1 rate of each other
+                for m in range(len(i_rate_set)):
+                    if m == 0:
+                        trunc_i_rate.append(i_rate_set[m])
+                    elif m >= 1:
+                        if (i_rate_set[m] > all([x+1 for x in trunc_i_rate])) or (i_rate_set[m] < all([x-1 for x in trunc_i_rate])):
+                            trunc_i_rate.append(i_rate_set[m])                   
+
+                for element in i_rate:
+                    for i_devnum in range(len(trunc_i_rate)):
+                        if (trunc_i_rate[i_devnum] - 1) <= float(element) <= (trunc_i_rate[i_devnum] + 1):
+                            break
+                        else:
+                            continue
+                    rate915.append(element)
+            num += 1
+    
+l_index_923 = []
+if len(l_devaddr923) > 0:
+    for i in l_devaddr923:   
+        sec_df = list(map(float, i["sec_diff"]))
+        sec_df = [x - sec_df[0] for x in sec_df]
+        sec_df = list(map(truncate, sec_df))
+            
+        devaddr_df = list(i["DevEUI or DevAddr"])
+        activation_df = list(i["activation"])
+           
+        # OTAA case
+        if activation_df[0] == "OTAA":
+            l_index_923.extend(i.index)
+            for j in range(len(devaddr_df)):
+                if j >= 1:
+                    rate923.append(truncate3(float(sec_df[j]) - float(sec_df[j-1])))
+                else:
+                    rate923.append("-")
+            dev_num923.extend(repeat(num, len(devaddr_df)))
+            num += 1
+            
+        # ABP case
+        # Single packet case
+        elif i.shape[0] == 1 and activation_df[0] != "OTAA":
+            l_index_923.extend(i.index)
+            dev_num923.append(num)
+            rate923.append("-")
+            num += 1
+        
+        # 2 packets or more
+        elif i.shape[0] > 1 and activation_df[0] == "ABP":
+            dev_num923.extend(repeat(num, i.shape[0]))
+            #j = i.sort_values(by=["date", "time"]) # sort by date and time
+            l_index_923.extend(i.index)
+            fcnt_df = list(map(int, i["fcnt"]))
+            i_rate = []
+            rate923.append("-")
+            
+            for k in range(len(fcnt_df)): # +1 to start from 2nd row
+                if 1 <= k < len(fcnt_df): # make sure it doesn't exceed the row index limit
+                    if fcnt_df[k] != fcnt_df[k-1]:
+                        i_rate.append(truncate3(((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])/(fcnt_df[k] - fcnt_df[k-1]))))
+                    else:
+                        i_rate.append(truncate3((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])))
+            trunc_i_rate = []
+            i_rate2 = list(map(np.round, i_rate))
+            i_rate_set = list(dict.fromkeys(i_rate2)) # list of the set intervals to look up for assigning devnumber
+            # Remove rates that are within +-1 rate of each other
+            for m in range(len(i_rate_set)):
+                if m == 0:
+                    trunc_i_rate.append(i_rate_set[m])
+                elif m >= 1:
+                    if (i_rate_set[m] > all([x+1 for x in trunc_i_rate])) or (i_rate_set[m] < all([x-1 for x in trunc_i_rate])):
+                        trunc_i_rate.append(i_rate_set[m])                 
+                
+            for element in i_rate:
+                for i_devnum in range(len(trunc_i_rate)):
+                    if (trunc_i_rate[i_devnum] - 1) <= float(element) <= (trunc_i_rate[i_devnum] + 1):
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        continue
+                rate923.append(element)      
+            num += 1
+        
+        # For neither OTAA and ABP activation and more than 1 packet
+        elif i.shape[0] > 1 and activation_df[0] == "-":
+            dev_num923.extend(repeat(num, i.shape[0]))
+            #j = i.sort_values(by=["date", "time"]) # sort by date and time
+            l_index_923.extend(i.index)
+            fcnt_df = list(i["fcnt"])
+            if any(i["fcnt"] == "-"):
+                for k in range(len(fcnt_df)): # +1 to start from 2nd row
+                    if 1 <= k < len(fcnt_df): # make sure it doesn't exceed the row index limit
+                        rate923.append(truncate3((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])))
+            else:
+                fcnt_df = list(map(int, i["fcnt"]))
+                i_rate = []
+                rate923.append("-")
+
+                for k in range(len(fcnt_df)): # +1 to start from 2nd row
+                    if 1 <= k < len(fcnt_df): # make sure it doesn't exceed the row index limit
+                        if fcnt_df[k] != fcnt_df[k-1]:
+                            i_rate.append(truncate3(((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])/(fcnt_df[k] - fcnt_df[k-1]))))
+                        else:
+                            i_rate.append(truncate3((sec_df[k] - sec_df[k-1])))
+                trunc_i_rate = []
+                i_rate2 = list(map(np.round, i_rate))
+                i_rate_set = list(dict.fromkeys(i_rate2)) # list of the set intervals to look up for assigning devnumber
+                # Remove rates that are within +-1 rate of each other
+                for m in range(len(i_rate_set)):
+                    if m == 0:
+                        trunc_i_rate.append(i_rate_set[m])
+                    elif m >= 1:
+                        if (i_rate_set[m] > all([x+1 for x in trunc_i_rate])) or (i_rate_set[m] < all([x-1 for x in trunc_i_rate])):
+                            trunc_i_rate.append(i_rate_set[m])                   
+
+                for element in i_rate:
+                    for i_devnum in range(len(trunc_i_rate)):
+                        if (trunc_i_rate[i_devnum] - 1) <= float(element) <= (trunc_i_rate[i_devnum] + 1):
+                            break
+                        else:
+                            continue
+                    rate923.append(element)
+            num += 1
+    
+
+
+### Sort the derived device number, interval, rate by their corresponding index (to match it with original dataframe)
+print("9. Sorting the device numbers by index...")
+def sortFirst(val): 
+    return val[0]
+
+all_l_indx = []
+rate = []
+dev_num = []
+
+if len(l_devaddr915) > 0:
+    all_list915 = list(zip(l_index_915, rate915, dev_num915))
+    all_list915.sort(key = sortFirst)
+
+    for i in all_list915:
+        all_l_indx.append(i[0])
+        rate.append(i[1])
+        dev_num.append(i[2])
+
+elif len(l_devaddr) > 0:
+    all_list923 = list(zip(l_index_923, rate923, dev_num923))
+    all_list923.sort(key = sortFirst)
+    
+    for i in all_list923:
+        all_l_indx.append(i[0])
+        rate.append(i[1])
+        dev_num.append(i[2])
+    
+all_list = list(zip(all_l_indx, rate, dev_num))
+all_list.sort(key = sortFirst)
+
+
+### Adding the corrected ordered tx_interval and dev_number to the dataframe
+print("10. Adding the transmission interval column...")
+l_rate = []
+l_dev_num = []
+for i in all_list:
+    if i[1] != "-":
+        l_rate.append(float(i[1]))
+        l_dev_num.append(int(i[2]))
+    else:
+        l_rate.append(i[1])
+        l_dev_num.append(int(i[2]))
+    
+filtered["tx_interval"] = l_rate
+filtered["dev_number"] = l_dev_num
+
+
+
+### Save as csv
+print("11. Saving as csv...")
+filtered.to_csv(pd.datetime.today().strftime('%y%m%d_%H%M%S_') + "LoRadar_data.csv", index=False)
+print("Data saved!")