# Lora SA(Spectrum Analyzer) # Supportted boards: - Heltec Lora V3 128 x 64 OLED - Heltec Wireless Stick V3 64 x 32 (Not tested) - Heltec Wireless Stick Lite V3 No Display (Not Tested) - Heltec Vision Master E290 - e-Ink 296 x 128 (No OSD) - Heltec Vision MAster T190 - color TFT 320X170 (No OSD) - LilyGo Radio Lora T3S3 V.2 SX1262 - LilyGo Radio Lora T3S3 V.2 SX1280 - LilyGo Radio Lora T3_V1.6.1 SX1276 (Not Tested) ## RF Spectrum Analyzer using Lora Radio LORA hardware Based on RadioLib SX126x Spectrum Scan. Perform a spectrum power scan using SX126x. The output is in the form of scan lines; each line has 33 power bins. The first power bin corresponds to -11 dBm, the second to -15 dBm, and so on. The higher number of samples in a bin corresponds to more power received at that level. ```text N in Bin / dBm (0)1 -11 2 -15 3 -19 4 -23 5 -27 6 -31 7 -35 8 -39 9 -43 10 -47 11 -51 12 -55 13 -59 14 -63 15 -67 16 -71 17 -75 18 -79 19 -83 20 -87 21 -91 22 -95 23 -99 24 -103 25 -107 26 -111 27 -115 28 -119 29 -123 30 -127 31 -131 32 -135 33 -139 ``` Example: ```text step-13 Frequency:816.25 Power Bins: 0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0400, 0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0000,0006,001B,000E,0005,0006,0002,0000 ``` The spectrum analyzer performs power measurements in the configured bandwidth. The X-axis represents frequency in MHz, and the Y-axis displays actually received power. In the example above, the frequency span goes from 850 MHz to 950 MHz (that is a 100MHz range), and the visual amplitude goes from -11 dBm to -110(-139) according to the datasheet (High sensitivity: down to -148dBm) dBm. To show the results in a plot, run the Python script RadioLib/extras/SX126x_Spectrum_Scan/SpectrumScan.py ## Features ### Multiple Ranges Scan Disabled By Default ```c // Feature to scan diapazones. Other frequency settings will be ignored. int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {}; //int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950}; ``` To Enable Add/ uncomment an array of the frequencies ```c int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950}; ``` where 850890 stands for 950-890Mhz range 920950 - 920-890Mhz Other settings will be ignored if **Multiple Ranges Scan** is enabled. ### Waterfall Waterfall showed only on One Page Scan to disable - uncomment this line ```c #define WATERFALL_ENABLED true ``` Waterfall shows the last **N** = SCREEN_HEIGHT (64) - WATERFALL_START(37) - 8 (part of the ROW_STATUS_TEXT) = **19** signal detection that excited set signal level ### RSSI Method of scan By default, we are using the spectralScan method of the RadioLib Library: This method works only with Sx1262 modules. We implemented a scan using the **getRSSI** method, which has more flexibility and supports sx1276 and other modules. Using this method, we also receive the signal's **dB** values, not just the O-33 number. To enable this method, set the value of the **RSSI_METHOD** to true. ### Multi Screen Scan Single screen scan for now has **RANGE / 128** resolution. Multi-page scan can be adjusted to how many MHz per page you wanna scan ```c // frequency range in MHz to scan #define FREQ_BEGIN 850 // TODO: if % RANGE_PER_PAGE != 0 #define FREQ_END 950 // Feature to scan diapazones. Other frequency settings will be ignored. int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {}; // int SCAN_DIAPAZONES[] = {850890, 920950}; // MHZ per page //To put everything into one page set RANGE_PER_PAGE = FREQ_END - 800 unsigned int RANGE_PER_PAGE = FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN; // FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN //To Enable Multi Screen scan // unsigned int RANGE_PER_PAGE = 50; // Default Range on Menu Button Switch #define DEFAULT_RANGE_PER_PAGE = 50; ``` To enable Multi-page by default set **RANGE_PER_PAGE** less than **FREQ_END - FREQ_BEGIN**; Switch to multi-page during regular One Screen application run. Restart the ESP32 on screen after the logo press the P button. ### Mute Audio Notifications Restart ESP32, and on the logo display, press the P button. ### Pause Execution Press P for more than 2 seconds. Execution will pause, and the scan's current Mhz position will be shown on the display. If less, ESP32 will turn off. Fast pressing(less than 0.5 second) P button changes the notification level ## VSCode Platform.IO development env installation 1. Install VSCode 2. install Platform.IO extension ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/00547068-6153-4c78-9f12-54981b013b06) 3. Connect ESP32 to USB. Install USB CP2101 drivers for Windows or other OS https://docs.heltec.org/general/establish_serial_connection.html#for-windows https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers?tab=downloads ## NOTE: MACOS Heltec USB driver https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers?tab=downloads
I used legacy driver 5. Clone this Git Repo or download zip of the sources ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/971b6592-3b71-414c-971c-2ecd20f0f0b7) ```bash git clone https://github.com/Genaker/LoraSA.git ``` NOTE: in you case name will be Just LoraSA. I have LoraSA2 because I already have LoraSA folder 6. Open the Project with the VS code Platform.IO ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/5066836b-32ac-4a24-ac03-b5f739a6a658) ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/da14488d-7a4a-410e-b754-59598578016d) 7. Select Proper Environment ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a9c6557b-a387-4457-b59b-b3d7242d2826) --- >**Important note:** If using a Heltec V3 board, make sure your ESP32 Expressif catalog is up to date before selecting environment, otherwise might get a build time error such as: `Error: Unknown board ID 'heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3'` when trying to select the environment. > >Open a PlatformIO CLI: https://docs.platformio.org/en/latest/integration/ide/vscode.html#platformio-core-cli > >Run: `pio pkg update -g -p espressif32` 8. Select ESP32 USB Device to program ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/af76c4b1-7122-45e1-b26b-08b59e03ca3b) Note: It is theoretically possible to program via WiFi and BTH. 9. Program your ESP32 ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/9e67afd8-0522-4a96-82dc-8e1cdb32add5) 10. Wait until you are done with the compilation and upload. Usually takes 1 minute. The first run is slower. It needs to compile all libraries. ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6796eb5d-6e3f-45bc-b88c-251499f1ad47) You will have the UCOG SA logo and spectrum analyzing scanning screen when done. ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f86ab32a-cab1-461e-ade9-7021136a0af7) ## Hardware Heltec ESP32 Lora V3: Or Heltec Wireless Stick. The same hardware but without or with a smaller display https://heltec.org/project/wireless-stick-v3/ https://heltec.org/project/wireless-stick-lite-v2/ Heltec Vision Master E290 - With large e-ink display 293x128: https://heltec.org/project/vision-master-e290/ https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256807048047234.html **NOTE: to upload a new code, you need to press BOOT + RESET button** Battery with Wire JT connector : ## 3D printed case ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/52ae4e90-5f25-4d72-888e-7586bef9df69) or buy : ## Heltec ESP32 Lora v3 Pin Map ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a1e00b51-5566-4ff5-98fe-67eaeb5bc81f) We are using pin 41 as a Buzzer trigger. Connect buzzer + leg with pin 41 and - leg with the ground (GND). You can change the buzzer pin in the code. ## Analog FPV OSD (ON SCREEN DISPLAY) To Enable OSD, Uncomment these lines
``` // #define OSD_ENABLED true ``` **OSD sidebar enabled/disable** comment or uncomment this line ``` #define OSD_SIDE_BAR true ``` Or you can set this and other variables as a build parameter: ``` build_flags = -DOSD_ENABLED ``` ## DFRobot OSD Wiring **Heltec V3 -> DFRobot OSD**
GND -> GND
3V3 -> 3V3
26 -> SCK
34 ->MOSI
33 ->MISO
47 -> D3
More photos you can see there:
https://github.com/Genaker/LoraSA/issues/11 ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3ba8230d-21de-449d-881b-bdc5f5b4907d) # Camera to DF robot Wiring **Camera -> DFRobotOSD**
Video out -> In
GND -> GND
3v3 -> 3V3 Heltec or some 3v on FPV
# DFRobot to Drone or VTX(video transmitter) **DF Robot -> VTX or**
Video Out - Video IN
``` // SPI pins #define OSD_CS 47 #define OSD_MISO 33 #define OSD_MOSI 34 #define OSD_SCK 26 ``` ## Joystick Wiring https://www.aliexpress.us/item/2251832815289133.html https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00P7QBGD2 **Loystic -> Heltec V3**
SW -> 46
VRX -> 19
VRY -> X has not been implemented yet
+5v -> 5V
GND -> GND
## Buzzer/Beeper Wiring TMB12A03 - in my case. Low voltage is better.
**Buzzer -> Heltec V3**
(+) -> 41
GND (another) -> GND
## Select Board to build Select Visual Code environment: ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3765615b-3a80-4270-bc74-8f6eae2b8458) Edit **paltformio.io** uncommenting/selecting your sources ``` [platformio] ; for env:vision-master-e190 ; src_dir = tft_src ; for env:vision-master-e290 ; src_dir = eink_src ; for env:heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3 ; src_dir = src ;;Default ``` for LilyGo use env:heltec_wifi_lora_32_V3 # WiFi and Bluetooth BT Scanning Works only with OSD enabled
Uncomment this lines ``` // #define OSD_ENABLED true // #define WIFI_SCANNING_ENABLED true // #define BT_SCANNING_ENABLED true ``` # Communication via Serial USB You can receive RAW frequency data from the ESP32 by sending the serial command **Scan -1 -1**. Other parameters are also available. Also, you can use ASCII_SA.py to read data from serial and represent as an ASCII character chart on your device.
Install **pyserial**: ``` pip3 install pyserial ``` Run: ``` python3 ASCII_SA.py ``` or with parameters to set input ``` python3 ASCII_SA.py --resolution 1 --threshold -110 --db-per-hash 5 --no-color --no-debug ``` Output: image # Web app We also have a web app interface to output ESP Lora data via USB/Serial
Go to the website (https://lora-sa.pages.dev/), click connect and select a device:
https://lora-sa.pages.dev/ ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/71b7d2aa-bb70-4c55-899b-0edfbeb73ed3) image # Send Scan Data via Lora Enable feature: ``` # /lib/config/config.h listen_on_usb(String("readline")), rx_lora(NULL), tx_lora(NULL), // Enable Lora Send: // rx_lora(configureLora("freq:920")),tx_lora(configureLora("freq:916")) is_host(false) ``` is_host(false) - for host receiver or can be set via Serial command ***SET is_host true*** <\br> The Host automatically outputs data to serial that can be read by our Python Serail app
Example of the serial out: ``` SCAN_RESULT 258 [ (850000, -106), (850389, -106), (850778, -110), (851167, -110), (851556, -110), (851945, -110), (852334, -110), (852723, -110), (853112, -106), (853501, -106), (853890, -106), (854279, -83), (854668, -83), (855057, -110), (855446, -110), (855835, -110), (856224, -110), (856613, -110), (857002, -110), (857391, -110), (857780, -110), (858169, -110), (858558, -110), (858947, -110), (859336, -110), (859725, -110), (860114, -110), (860503, -110), (860892, -110), (861281, -110), (861670, -110), (862059, -110), (862448, -110), (862837, -110), (863226, -110), (863615, -106), (864004, -106), (864393, -110), (864782, -110), (865171, -110), (865560, -110), (865949, -110), (866338, -110), (866727, -110), (867116, -110), (867505, -110), (867894, -110), (868283, -110), (868672, -101), (869061, -101), (869450, -102), (869839, -102), (870228, -101), (870617, -101), (871006, -101), (871395, -98), (871784, -98), (872173, -89), (872562, -89), (872951, -92), (873340, -92), (873729, -85), (874118, -85), (874507, -90), (874896, -90), (875285, -90), (875674, -85), (876063, -85), (876452, -93), (876841, -93), (877230, -90), (877619, -90), (878008, -101), (878397, -101), (878786, -110), (879175, -110), (879564, -110), (879953, -90), (880342, -90), (880731, -93), (881120, -93), (881509, -96), (881898, -96), (882287, -91), (882676, -91), (883065, -91), (883454, -86), (883843, -86), (884232, -93), (884621, -93), (885010, -91), (885399, -91), (885788, -89), (886177, -89), (886566, -85), (886955, -85), (887344, -85), (887733, -87), (888122, -87), (888511, -93), (888900, -93), (889289, -110), (889678, -110), (890067, -110), (890456, -110), (890845, -110), (891234, -110), (891623, -110), (892012, -110), (892401, -110), (892790, -110), (893179, -110), (893568, -110), (893957, -110), (894346, -110), (894735, -110), (895124, -106), (895513, -106), (895902, -106), (896291, -110), (896680, -110), (897069, -110), (897458, -110), (897847, -110), (898236, -110), (898625, -110), (899014, -110), (899403, -110), (899792, -110), (900181, -110), (900570, -110), (900959, -110), (901348, -110), (901737, -110), (902126, -110), (902515, -110), (902904, -110), (903293, -110), (903682, -110), (904071, -110), (904460, -110), (904849, -110), (905238, -110), (905627, -110), (906016, -110), (906405, -110), (906794, -110), (907183, -110), (907572, -110), (907961, -110), (908350, -110), (908739, -110), (909128, -110), (909517, -110), (909906, -110), (910295, -110), (910684, -110), (911073, -110), (911462, -110), (911851, -110), (912240, -110), (912629, -110), (913018, -110), (913407, -110), (913796, -110), (914185, -110), (914574, -110), (914963, -110), (915352, -110), (915741, -110), (916130, -110), (916519, -110), (916908, -110), (917297, -110), (917686, -110), (918075, -110), (918464, -110), (918853, -110), (919242, -110), (919631, -110), (920020, -110), (920409, -110), (920798, -110), (921187, -110), (921576, -110), (921965, -110), (922354, -110), (922743, -110), (923132, -110), (923521, -110), (923910, -110), (924299, -110), (924688, -110), (925077, -110), (925466, -110), (925855, -110), (926244, -110), (926633, -110), (927022, -110), (927411, -110), (927800, -110), (928189, -110), (928578, -110), (928967, -110), (929356, -110), (929745, -110), (930134, -110), (930523, -110), (930912, -110), (931301, -110), (931690, -110), (932079, -110), (932468, -110), (932857, -110), (933246, -110), (933635, -110), (934024, -110), (934413, -110), (934802, -110), (935191, -110), (935580, -103), (935969, -103), (936358, -110), (936747, -110), (937136, -110), (937525, -110), (937914, -110), (938303, -110), (938692, -110), (939081, -110), (939470, -110), (939860, -110), (940250, -110), (940640, -110), (941030, -110), (941420, -110), (941810, -110), (942200, -110), (942590, -110), (942980, -110), (943370, -110), (943760, -110), (944150, -110), (944540, -110), (944930, -110), (945320, -110), (945710, -110), (946100, -110), (946490, -110), (946880, -110), (947270, -110), (947660, -110), (948050, -110), (948440, -110), (948830, -110), (949220, -110), (949610, -110), (950000, -110) ] ```